White House tallies cost of Trump's tariff plan

Delivered every Monday by 10 a.m., Weekly Trade examines the latest news in global trade politics and policy.
Jul 15, 2024 View in browser
 
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By Ari Hawkins

With help from Doug Palmer

QUICK FIX

— White House economists say Donald Trump’s plan to abolish the federal income tax would require tariffs “much larger than 70 percent” to replace the revenue.

— Mexico is asking the United States for a deal to protect its exports of bifacial solar panels from “safeguard” restrictions that date back to the Trump administration.

— Brazil received an exemption from hikes aimed at China’s use of third countries to evade steel and aluminum tariffs as part of a joint U.S.-Mexico action.

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Driving the day

Hearing On Federal Budget Request

The report from Biden’s Council of Economic Advisers comes as both candidates lean into trade policy ahead of the 2024 election. | Photo by Alex Wong/Getty Images

WHITE HOUSE KNOCKS TRUMP TAX: Biden’s Council of Economic Advisers authored a report released Friday scrutinizing Donald Trump’s plan to abolish the federal income tax and make up the cost with tariff hikes.

His proposal, the White House said, would court a global trade war that would send prices soaring.

"It is mathematically unlikely that a broad tariff could ever replace the revenue raised by the individual income tax,” the economists wrote. But they attempted to quantify a replacement tariff rate anyway, predicting it “would likely need to be much larger than 70 percent to raise tax revenue that is equivalent.”

The report comes as both candidates lean into trade policy for the 2024 campaign — and it’s the latest push from the Biden administration to draw a contrast between its targeted tariff increases and how the former president would handle the economy. The report follows criticism from economists’ across the political spectrum over Trump’s most hawkish plans, which also includes tariffs of 10 percent on all goods, 60 percent on China and up to 200 percent on Mexican autos.

“An across-the-board 70 percent tariff would be required to replace the equivalent revenue raised by the individual income tax under the overly simplistic assumption that consumers, producers, and our trading partners would have made no changes to their behavior in response to the tariffs,” President Joe Biden’s Council wrote.

However, since it does expect other factors to come into play — from changes in consumption patterns to massive retaliation — the Council said tariff rates, in actuality, would need to be “much larger.”

The White House adds that Trump’s proposal would cause “substantial pressure on consumer prices” as costs rise for businesses that rely on imported goods.

“Because lower-income households spend a larger share of their income on consumption of these goods, they will be disproportionately burdened by a broad tariff,” the Council adds.

Reminder: Trump unveiled his plan to swap taxes with tariffs in conversations with lawmakers last month. But Trump campaign spokesperson Karoline Leavitt downplayed the proposal to your host as “one of many” ideas floated by the former president.

Still, the new RNC platform pledged broader party support for Trump's aggressive trade positions ahead of the convention, which takes place this week.

The party document indicated that GOP lawmakers will back Trump in imposing baseline tariffs, revoking China’s most favored nation status and phasing out imports of essential Chinese goods.

"As tariffs on foreign producers go up, taxes on American workers, families, and businesses can come down," it adds, without elaborating further.

The Trump campaign did not directly respond to a question about the analysis from Biden’s Council over the weekend. But it said in remarks sent to Morning Trade that "by cutting regulations and taxes and using the leverage of the United States to negotiate better trade deals around the world, President Trump built the strongest economy in American history."

Around the World

MEXICO SEEKS SOLAR DEAL: Mexico said Friday it wants a deal with the United States that would exempt its exports of bifacial solar panels from “safeguard” import restrictions that date back to the Trump administration.

Message received: The request came in a letter from Economy Minister Raquel Buenrostro to U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai. A USTR spokesperson told Morning Trade they are “reviewing the letter and will respond in due course.”

How we got here: Trump initially imposed solar import restrictions in 2018 for four years. Biden, in February 2022, extended them for another four years but directed USTR to negotiate side deals with Canada and Mexico. USTR struck a deal with Canada in July 2022, but has not yet reached one with Mexico.

In May, Biden announced that he was amending the safeguard restrictions imposed by Trump under Section 201 of the 1974 Trade Act to remove an exclusion for bifacial panels. The White House noted “imports of bifacial panels have surged, now making up nearly all U.S. solar panel imports and undercutting the effectiveness of the Section 201 safeguard.”

Buenrostro said such restrictions could result in the closure of factories that are part of the North American supply chain, which would entail the loss of hundreds of specialized jobs, according to a translation of her department’s news release.

TRUMP-PROOFING THE WTO: African countries want the WTO to change its procedures so current Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala can win another four-year term without the risk of being vetoed by Trump, if he wins this year's U.S. presidential election.

"The African Group is of the view that it would be in the best interest of the Organization if the process of reappointment were to start early," the 44-nation group said in a proposal filed Thursday at the WTO, requesting the matter be put on the agenda at the WTO's upcoming General Council meeting on July 22-23. Doug has more (for Pros!).

 

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REGULATORY REVIEW

BACK DOOR FOR BRAZIL: Mexico negotiated exceptions for Brazil as part of a deal with the Biden administration to crack down on China’s use of third countries to circumvent U.S. trade restrictions.

“An agreement was reached with the United States to design a mechanism so that Brazilian steel transformed in Mexico is not subject to tariffs; that is, the smelting and emptying requirements will not apply to products that come from that country,” per a translated posting from Mexico’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Reminder: The U.S and Mexico agreed to impose a 25 percent tariff on Mexican steel if the metal is not melted and poured in a USMCA country. Aluminum imports from Mexico that contain primary aluminum smelt or cast in China, Belarus, Iran or Russia will face a 10 percent tariff.

CHINA’S THIRD PLENUM: Senior Chinese policymakers will convene in Beijing to consider Chinese leader Xi Jinping’s economic policy plans at the four-day Third Plenum meeting starting today.

Xi’s challenge: Emerge from the long-delayed meeting with a viable plan to reboot the country’s ailing economy.

SPECIAL EVENTS

Gerald Moody is joining Akin as a white collar defense & government investigations partner, the firm announced. He previously was assistant chief of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act in the DOJ's Criminal Division’s Fraud Section.

TRADE OVERNIGHT

— Biden’s union wall is showing strains as questions swirl about his candidacy, per POLITICO Pro.

— Trump’s raised fist will make history — and define his candidacy, per POLITICO Magazine.

— Peter Navarro, Trump ex-aide jailed for contempt of Congress, will address RNC, AP sources say.

— China's vice commerce ministry meets Walmart CEO McLay, per Reuters.

THAT’S ALL FOR MORNING TRADE! See you again soon! In the meantime, drop the team a line: dpalmer@politico.com, gbade@politico.com and ahawkins@politico.com. Follow us @POLITICOPro and @Morning_Trade.

 

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